The Clementinum (Klementinum in Czech) is a historic complex of buildings in Prague. Until recently the complex hosted the National, University and Technical libraries, the City Library also being located nearby on Mariánské Náměstí. The Technical library and the Municipal library have moved to the Prague National Technical Library at Technická 6 since 2009. It is currently in use as the National Library of the Czech Republic. The Weather station Clementinum, founded by the jesuits, is the oldest weather observation considered unique in the whole Central Europe.
The National Library was founded in 1781 and from 1782 the Clementinum was a legal deposit library. In 1918 the newly-established Czecho-Slovak state took over the library. Since 1990, it has been the National Library. It contains a collection of Mozartiana, material pertaining to Tycho Brahe and Comenius, as well as historic examples of Czech literature.
The Braidense National Library (Italian: Biblioteca Nazionale Braidense), located in Milan, is one of Italy’s largest libraries. Initially it contained large historical and scientific collections before it was charged with the legal deposit of all publications from Milan. Since 1880, it has had the status of a national library and is today one of the 47 Italian State libraries.
Since the beginning, the Braidense was designed as a general library. The collections consisted of illuminated choral works, historical, literary, theological and legal publications as well as extensive general reference works. During the 19th and 20th centuries, the library was enhanced with many other holdings. In 1778, it acquired the collection of Swiss bibliophile Albrecht von Haller covering botanical and medical works and, in 1795, a legacy from Cardinal Angelo Maria Durini containing some 3,000 works including valuable 16th century Greek and Latin editions. It currently has 898,377 printed volumes, 2,119 manuscripts and 2,368 incunabula.
The Bibliothèque nationale de France is the National Library of France, located in Paris. It is intended to be the repository of all that is published in France.
The library also holds about 5,000 Greek manuscripts, which are divided into three fonds: Ancien fonds grec, fonds Coislin, and Fonds du Supplément grec.
Gallica, the digital library for online users, was established in 1997. As of January 2012, Gallica made available on the Web about: 1.600.000 documents, 320.000 books, 36.000 maps, 19.462 manuscripts, 410.000 images, 830.000 newspapers and magazines and 7.000 sheets musics